Particulate Matter
Particulate matter Particulate matter is material which is non-soluble inorganic or organic impurities that may be exist in a water supply. It can be considered as the residue present on…
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Particulate matter Particulate matter is material which is non-soluble inorganic or organic impurities that may be exist in a water supply. It can be considered as the residue present on…
Impurities in raw water To discuss the various unit operations configured in a water purification system we need to know impurities present in raw water. The nature, type, and concentration…
Bacterial Endotoxin Specification Bacterial endotoxin specifications for USP Waters (bulk and packaged) are presented as follows: Drinking Water: none USP Purified Water: none USP Sterile Purified Water: none USP Water…
Feed Water Parameters for Water for Injection: For systems producing Drinking Water, there is no defined feed water requirement (chemical or microbial) for the system. However, the product water must…
Bacterial action and alert limits It is important to note that, with the exception of the reference to sterility for packaged waters, there are no bacteria specifications contained in the…
USP Sterile Purified Water USP Sterile Purified Water is USP Purified Water that is sterilized and suitably packaged. It contains no antimicrobial agents. The chemical specifications for USP Sterile Purified…
Chemical specifications for USP Purified Water are outlined in the Official Monograph by referencing Physical Tests chapters for conductivity and total organic carbon (TOC). Physical Tests Section provides the TOC…
Chemical specification of Drinking Water, for applications such as some initial rinsing operations and active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturing operations, must meet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National Primary Drinking…
Water and steam used in the pharmaceutical industry and related disciplines are classified by various pharmacopeias. The U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) classifies compendial waters (Pharmaceutical Water) as follows: Water for Injection…
A number of natural materials such as zeolites, which are complex sodium-aluminium silicates, have the ability to exchange ions in their structure for other ions with which they come into…